Essay on Womens Equality - 1376 Words

In the 1800’s a women was suppose to have four things Piety, Purity, submissiveness, and domesticity. These principles shaped the â€Å"Cult of True Womanhood† an idea that women were to be seen but not heard. Women had no say when it came to politics, they couldn’t own property, they were not allowed to do many jobs, and they couldn’t even speak in front of men. They had the duty to be a mother and raise their children but even thought they had this responsibility it was the husband who had the complete control and guardianship of the children. Because of these ideas it was very difficult for change to happen. When women started to receive more education they began to ask questions about why they were being denied these rights, which began the†¦show more content†¦The Declaration was signed by 68 women and 32 men, all of whom attended the conference. The signing of the Declaration of Sentiments caused uproar among people (â€Å"Declarations of Independence†). The women at Seneca Falls were going against the â€Å"cult of true womanhood† but that didn’t stop them from persevering and moving forward. Two years after the Seneca Falls convention, the very first National Women’s Rights Convention was called to order in Brinley Hall in Worcester, Massachusetts, on October 23–24, 1850. Many famous women rights advocates attended the convention including Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Lucretia Mott. Over a thousand people attended the convention making Brinley Hall overflow with people. The speakers addressed many issues on women’s equality such as higher education, the right to own property, and to vote. Many newspapers wrote reviews about the conventions some positive and some negative, but no matter what side they were committed to they helped shine a light on the issues of women’s equality and gained many supporters (â€Å"mass movements†). In 1869 Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton formed National Woman Suffrage Association, with the focus of achieving the right for women to vote. Soon many women suffrage advocates started focusing specifically on gaining the right to vote. Advocates continued to try to get the right the vote by holding conventions, meetings, handing out pamphlets, and placingShow MoreRelatedTrue Equality for Women at the Workplace1047 Words   |  5 Pagesunfairness within business organizations for women. Women are often not held up to the standard of a man in the business workforce, which leaves them with fewer position choices outside the norm. Most jobs that women have are not demanding upon the body and require little to no strength. The failure to understand adaptation by the government has caused many reforms in the past, but there are still many flaws in the hiring system that often leave women asking questions and puzzled by the bias decisionsRead MoreWomen s Equality And The Ethica l Theory Of Deontology2533 Words   |  11 PagesWomen and men have had certain roles in society that were understood amongst them to be specified for their particular gender. Males were known to have the leading role as head of the house hold and the bread winner while the woman’s duty was to stay at home and take care of the house and children. While many people years ago deemed this way of life and practice to be the right and ethical thing to do, times have changed and so this kind of treatment towards a woman’s equality must be questionedRead MoreGender Equality And Women s Rights1274 Words   |  6 Pages Women in the world still face discrimination and gender equality takes action to achieve women’s rights. AAUW provides and gives women the chance to have an education, while Catalyst reaches out to women to carry out equal pay, equal participation in the workplace, and remove discrimination. UN Women attains to human rights for women. Throughout hist ory women have fought for gender equality in the workplace and in education, and every year organizations like AAUW, Catalyst, and UN Women haveRead MoreGender Equality And Women s Entrepreneurship2258 Words   |  10 Pagesconstruction. It is considered, that women are more flexible, less reckless, thoroughly study the risks of projects, consumer demands and goods characteristics.† This interested me because I always looking for justice, equality whenever and anywhere. Gender equality are mostly relates to this topics. My current perspective is, that nowadays seems really big differences between males and females and this project started by my willing to achieve this kind of equality. I. Background of the problem WorthwhileRead MoreWomen s Fight For Equality1529 Words   |  7 PagesIn the United States, women have been fighting for equality across all areas of society and have come a long way since the Seneca Falls Convention. The fight for equality has helped women gain the right to vote, to break into professions such as the healthcare field and even to being elected to government offices. There are some very interesting questions about the integration of women that haven’t been fully answered. The one that sticks out to me is will women be granted the right to enlist inRead MoreGender Equality And Women Should Receive Equal Treatment1889 Words   |  8 PagesGender equality, also known as sex equality or equality of the genders, is the view that men and women should receive equal treatment, and should not be discriminated against based on gender. For years, it’s been notably held that women have been given far less freedom than men. For example, having to do with sexual e xpression. If a woman is too sexually active, too daring, too â€Å"freaky† in the sack, she gets labeled a slut. In contrast, men have been praised for their sexual prowess, â€Å"high-fivedRead MoreEquality Between Men And Women1263 Words   |  6 Pagesit comes to making a difference in the status of women, a feminist would never place faith on the Centre of Political power to bring about this change. This is for the simple logical reason that a politics is the embodiment of patriarchy. Among all superstructures of the society starting from family, the community, religion, the Rulers represent the highest form of discrimination. Hence an institution which is to work towards the emancipation of women has to be free from political influence withoutRead MoreWomen s Equality Between Men And Women990 Words   |  4 PagesWomen in the Workforce Equality between men and women has been a topic for discussion. Women inequality in the workforce has been a debate for many years. Tons of research has been conducted trying to find out why women get paid less than men in the workforce. The Equal Pay Act was created in 1963 that aimed to abolish wage disparity between genders. However, it can be seen that women are still paid less. Women are paid less than men because of the careers that they choose and their family responsibilitiesRead MorePromoting Gender Equality and Empowering Women969 Words   |  4 Pagesworld countries, women were being oppressed. They weren’t seen as equals, simply because of their gender, not because of experience or knowledge, just because they are women. If it took me that long to find out how sexist, a developed country is how long will it take everyone. It is common knowledge, that life is better, but it is not common knowledge that the discrimination is the same. That was when I had my doubts, will there be any foundations that promote gender equality and empower CanadianRead MoreGender Equality : The Common Law Era Of Treating Men And Women2503 Words   |  11 Pages Gender Equality Gender equality is a term used to refer to equal opportunities for both men and women. It is a term that I also referred to as gender egalitarianism. It is a movement that has raised a lot of emotions in the world leading to major changes all through history. Gender equality stipulates that everyone should be given fair treatment regardless of their gender (Barak, Leighton and Flavin 234). The practice that was common in the Common Law era of treating men and women differently was

The Impact Of Social Workers On Children And Family...

When I was seven, my family was involved in a head-on collision where our Chevy Nova hydroplaned into a Dodge Ram. Severe injuries that occurred both in this accident and a second one two years later (caused by a drunk driver), resulted in both of my parents being permanently disabled and piles of medical bills. By the time I was in the 5th grade my mom and I became heavily involved in various volunteer organizations for low income families, particularly Neighbor Impact and a similar group called Bread of Life. For years these two programs kept my family financially afloat.. I would like to pursue this career in order to help connect families like mine with various resources that will help them get back on their feet. Social workers are the critical bridge between families and the resources that they need. The job of those specializing in child and family services may include protecting children and families from domestic abuse, discrimination, and illness. They also help with connecting families with resources like food stamps, homes, and psychological treatments. In order to accurately and efficiently perform their job, a caseworker needs to be dedicated and organized as there are ample amounts of paperwork required for each case. An individual pursuing a career in casework also has to be fairly strong and fit as they are often on call and may have to visit client’s homes. In some situations they may have to physically restrain someone in order to protect themselves orShow MoreRelatedChild Welfare Services Is A Social Work1740 Words   |  7 PagesChildren thrive in predictable and consistent environments that allow children to feel safe and secure. Children require and parents have an obligation to provide children with the basic needs of food, shelter, and clothing. Children need to experience a childhood filled with love, warmth, and positive interactions along with experiencing a childhood that is free from abuse and neglect. The reality is that not every child is provided with an environment that fosters a child’s needs, parents are notRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Worker On Australian Society1575 Words   |  7 Pagesrole of the Social worker is varied as it involves the facilitation of change and empowerment of the individual through social, cultural and environmental influences. Between 1910 and 1970, the role of the social worker was significant due to the impact of the Stolen Generation on Australian society. The Stolen Generation was a dark period in the Australian history where many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children were often taken without consent from their homes and families by the governmentRead MoreHuman Rights And Social Justice1735 Words   |  7 Pagesmillion children who lived in food-insecure households in 2014 (â€Å"Feeding America,† 2016). This makes the job of social workers difficult because it is very devastating to watch children go hungry. 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This paper will encompass all parties affected by foster care and will ultimately talk about what qualities are expected of social workers who work in foster care. â€Æ' America is facing daily challenges when it comes to abortion, children with no place to go, the foster care system, adoption agencies, social services departmentRead MoreOutline Of Historical Views On Child Welfare Workforce And Nasw Standards994 Words   |  4 Pageshistorical views on children and identify how this will impact your role in empowering families, protecting children from maltreatment, and engaging in ethical decision making as a child welfare worker. Historically, children were viewed very differently than they are today. Adults thought of children as being seen and not heard. Children were expected to work in textile factories or as chimney sweeps in order to provide for their families. They did not have rights and in the family, children followed theRead MoreResearch Portfolio Assignment : Child Development And Children s Services1502 Words   |  7 Pagesand Children’s Services. Research under this cluster will address the harmful impacts of child neglect and abuse, as well as the development of intervention strategies to help prevent child maltreatment. Child neglect and abuse bring about long-term impacts on the victim’s physical and mental health that result into high expenditures by governments, health care systems and social welfare institutions. Knowledge obtained from research under Child Development and Children’s Services research clusterRead MoreSocial Workers And Social Work950 Words   |  4 Pages The social work profession is a profession that is created with educated professionals, social workers, which make important contributions to society by helping society’s most vulnerable individuals, families, and groups. 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Truman fought, parlayed, and lobbied in the legislature to build his unique facility. In 1989, his vision became reality, and the Truman W. Smith Children’s Care Center was completed. The TWSCCC was the first facility of its kind in the state of Texas, to this day it remains the only facility in a five state area to provide long term care for critically ill children. The facility provides medical care for children and adolescents with severe physicalRead MoreThe Role Of A Social Worker And The Elderly Population957 Words   |  4 PagesSocial work is a profession that focuses on all ages, ethnicities, and culture. The role of a social worker includes core values, human rights, social justice and problem solving. When I chose to seek a degree in social work I did not know all of the ramifications that would follow. However, I did know that I wanted to work with children. The day I became a mother I knew it was my purpose to eventually work with children in some capacity. Once I started taking pre-social work classes I learned so

Bright Light Big City Free Essays

What not to Do: Paper 2, Question 2 With almost every mistake made in life, there are lessons that can be learned from them. They can be minor changes in a person’s character or they can completely alter the way people live their lives. These decisions can be for the better or for the worst as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Bright Light Big City or any similar topic only for you Order Now In Jay McInerney’s Bright Lights, Big City, the character of You faces these very dilemmas. He made mistakes in his life that have altered the way he works, his social life, and, most importantly, the way he interacts with his family. It is almost as if he is a completely different person who simply wanted to fit into the in crowd. Throughout the book it is evident that the pretender makes his imagination reality, and he cannot keep up with it. This books entire plot should be a what not to do guide for every adolescent who is tempted by peer pressure, because it is a perfect image of what can happen in such a short amount of time, and how quick a person can forget who they really are. In the beginning of the novel, You are quoted, thinking, ‘You are not the kind of guy who would be at a place like this at this time of the morning. But here you are, and you cannot say that the terrain is entirely unfamiliar, although the details are fuzzy. ’ (McInerney, Pg. 1) This quote would be one of the first and most major indicators that the character of You is pretending to be something that he is not. Inside the character of You, he knows that his actions and the people he is hanging around with is not the norm or does not fit who he is on the inside: a person with morals and respect for his family. He is pretending to be a person without morals about taking drugs, his actions toward others, or honesty in order to fit into the ‘In’ crowd. As the story develops, the reader gets to learn about You’s relationships, habits, and other personal details that could give hints to his self-destruction. The reader learns that You had recently been divorced from his model wife. They also learn that he is on the verge of losing his job, and his mother had passed away a year ago. However, in my opinion, the people that You began to associate himself with were the ones who changed his morals. After all the stress he had been under, people like Tad Allagash became a sort of easy way out of his situation. Instead of dealing with his stress in a healthy way, he decided to go out into the New York City night life, where he drank excessively and took various drugs like cocaine, ecstasy, and other pills. He managed to be able to avoid his family throughout his character change which included lying to them when he was forced to talk with them. For example, when You is asked about where his wife, Amanda, is by his brother Michael, he responds, â€Å"She’s shopping. † (McInerney, Pg. 157). However later, after being knocked out by his brother, he tells the truth, â€Å"‘Amanda isn’t shopping,’ you say. ‘She left me. ’ â€Å"(McInerney, Pg. 159). This transition from deceit to honesty when he is vulnerable shows that the character and morality of You is still inside of him, it has just been masked by the fabricated life that he had been living for the past year. At the end of the novel, You comes to the realization that the life he is living is not who he truly is on the inside, which is a person with morals and character that is above the pseudo life that is around him. ’I just realized something. ’ (You) ‘What’s that? ’ (Tad) ‘You and Amanda would make a great couple. ’ ‘I supposed that means that you get Odysseus all to yourself. ’ ‘Later, Tad. ’† (McInerney, Pg. 177-178). You realized that Tad is one of the main sources for his self-destruction. His atti tude towards life and other people have been reflected on to You. You decided that he did not need to put up with his antics anymore and to simply dismiss Tad from his life. Leaving Tad behind begins You’s change for the better and at the very end of the novel, You strives for a familiar yet basic staple from his childhood: that being bread. He smells it in the city and bribes a man to give him some in exchange for his Ray-Ban sunglasses. â€Å"You get down on your knees and tear open the bag. The smell of warm dough envelops you. The first bite sticks in your throat and you almost gag. You will have to learn everything all over again. † (McInerney, Pg. 182). This final paragraph is the start of a new beginning for You. The symbol of giving up his sunglasses for something simple yet familiar shows that he is willing to move on from the events of his past and better himself for the future. In my opinion, the moral lesson in the novel Bright Lights, Big City is to be yourself and to not let the stress in your life open yourself up to people who may alter your morals. This novel is sort of a not to do book that shows how easily a person can be changed when they allow stress to overcome their life. Although it is not a true story, It can be taken as precautionary tale. I do not believe the McInerney wrote this novel in order to scare people and say that if events like these happen in your life, you will end up a coke head. However, I believe he wrote this book to show that when people are at certain points in their life where they don’t know what to do, they will turn to whatever is easiest. Although at the time what is easy may seem to work, over time it will end up tearing them apart further. Bibliography 1. McInerney, Jay. Bright Lights, Big City: A Novel. New York: Vintage Contemporaries, 1984. Print. How to cite Bright Light Big City, Essay examples

Managing Operational Improvement MOT

Question: Discuss about the Managing Operational Improvement for MOT. Answer: Moments of Truth Moments of Truth means the moment when interaction takes place between consumers and service providers and this has either positive or negative image on the consumer. In the Gold Chilli restaurant, Moments of Truth (MOT) would be mainly the overall customer experience of ordering and obtaining food (Evans and Lindsay, 2013). Customer entrance, welcomed by a staff, guests sits, make order, receive order, clearance of table, server brings bill, customer or guest pays and leave the restaurant, etc. Customer enters in restaurant and welcomed by friendly and professional staff that would be the MOT. The ordered food provides to the guest in timely manner that will be the MOT as customers anticipates quick service in a fast food restaurant (Fisk et al., 2013). Clean and well-maintained service area as well as quality of ordered good would also be the MOT in the Gold Restaurant. Customer Segmentation The customer segmentation practice of Gold Star would have positive impact on its customer-focused approach as it will help it to understand the needs and preferences of customers more effectively. Segmentation allows a firm to group the customers in accordance to their needs and preferences and to prioritize them (Evans and Lindsay, 2013). This would provide Gold Star a way to understand requirements and exceptions of each customers group. It may help this firm to determine right customer-focused approach. Customer segmentation in this restaurant may help this firm to make informed changes in the ways of servicing food and to make more effective customer-focused approach (Rodrigues, 2013). Thus, segmentation of customers would lead to the improvement in customer-focused approach of this restaurant. Approaches of Listening and Learning From Customers Several approaches such as Total Quality Management (TQM), Six Sigma, Continuous Improvement (CI), etc. approaches should be used by the Gold Star to listen and to learn from the customers of different segments. These approaches would be useful for this company to analyze the performance of each process of developing and delivering services to the customers (Evans and Lindsay, 2013). Variety of ways such as customer comment card, customer survey, market research, 24*7 online chat, e-mail, etc, can be employed by this firm to use quality management approaches for determining customers expectations and needs. These ways would be useful to obtain feedback from the customers regarding the service delivery process and its management (Kaynak, 2013). This will provide views and opinions of customers for service offerings at the Gold Star. Customer Satisfaction Survey Gold Stars customer segments can be categorized broadly in two forms such as customers and franchisee. The customer satisfaction survey for both segments would include the questionnaire that would be designed to ask customers experience with the firm as well as their needs and expectations. The customers of restaurants would be approached for the survey. E-mail will be used to carry out survey on franchisee Rating scales would be used to obtain responses. Customers would be asked about the quality, cleanliness, services delivery, dining experiences and suggestions. Franchisee would be surveyed to determine their opinion regarding the effectiveness level of communication, transparency, dependability, timelines, quality and cooperativeness (Evans and Lindsay, 2013). Alignment of Process with DMAIC Figure 1: DMAIC Model (Source: Furterer, 2016) In the given problem, the process used by the team of car parts distributor can be aligned with DMAIC module in following way: Define: Through this step, the team in given case can describe problem, customer, goal, scope, resources and timeline. The problem that is given case is related to reduction of shipping time of auto parts. Increasing in delay of services make a customer unhappy and threaten to switch to another part distributor. Also, using of longer carts causing traffic jams and thereby actually increasing picking times. Measure: Through this step, the company can measure effectiveness of its current practices in resolving specified problem. Data is collected from many sources and team decided to draw a flowchart of the order fulfilment process (Furterer, 2016). The flowchart shows activities performed and their completion time to complete order on time. The team randomly chose 50 orders to study activity completion time. Analyze: Team can identify the root cause of the problem through assessment of data received from above step. After analysis, it was found that picking time is the largest contributor to order processing delays. Also, a part picker spends seven hours in gathering parts from the warehouse out of 8 hours daily shift. Improve: The team decided to improve the situation by using push carts to carry the parts. It reduced the number of multiple trips needed. The team should also focus on the rearrangement of the warehouse (Cudney and Furterer, 2012). The parts should be arranged in a systematic way so that part picker gathering time can also be reduced. Control: The team should closely monitor improvement to ensure the success. Deming Cycle The process of team in given case can also be aligned with different steps of Deming cycle. Below is alignment of team process with Deming cycle: Figure 2: Deming cycle (Source: Agustiady and Cudney, 2016) Plan: Under this step, team identifies the problem and develops an action plan for addressing problem. The problem was using small carts for delivering car parts. The solution identified by team was the use of longer carts by replacing small carts. Do: The plan of trial longer carts is implemented and executed. Check: At this step, actual results were studied and compare against expected results (Agustiady and Cudney, 2016). Usage of trial longer carts has met the expectation by reducing order processing time. Act: Finally longer carts were applied in order processing. The Creative Problem-Solving Process Figure 3: Creative problem-solving module (Source: Carroll, 2016) The manager of centre warehouse identified a creative solution of customer complaints and guaranteed delivery within 24 hours or the customer would get the parts at no charge. The team collected data on performance of newer solution to identify a creative solution for resolving every issue with delivery operations. Alternative Solution if the Longer Cart was not enough to achieve the Goals: The lean tool is helpful to eliminate wastage, unnecessary processing steps, and unnecessary movement of material, waiting time and excess inventory. Redesign of the warehouse is also an important way to reduce order processing time. In the given problem, a part picker spends about seven hours in gathering parts, out of eight hours shift per day. It shows warehouse is not properly designed (Carroll, 2016). There should be a separate title and section for parts that can easily be identified. There must be proper system or space available for storage. Reducing parts gathering and collection time will ultimately reduce order processing time. It will also save the time of part picker. Appointing supervisor at warehouse can also increase efficiency/effectiveness. The supervisor can direct and design workflow for reducing activity time and to meet goal of on-time delivery of car parts. Delay in Packing Activity Affects the Organisation: Now the packaging activity is identified as activity responsible for greatest delay (Tracy, 2014). In this case, company will need to improve its packaging operations. This can be done by hiring of new employees with experience in packaging work. In addition to this, company may also need to start extra shifts or overtime facility in for packaging workers (Proctor, 2010). This way, the packaging work can be done in shorter time span. Six Sigma The six sigma DMAIC Model is defined as a tool to solve a problem and improve existing products or processes in organizations (Stern, 2016). DMAIC stands for: Define the goals of project and requirement of customers. Measure the process to identify the current performance and find out the problem that will arise. Analyse the main cause of the problem/ defects. Improve the process by removing the defects. Control the negative effects for efficient performance in future. Figure 1: DMAIC Model (Source: Evans, 2013) Use of Six Sigma to Help Cigna Corporation to Address Five Strategic Imperatives: Five strategic imperatives of Cignas can be achieved through Six Sigma by effective defining of customer requirement, development of effective project plans (i.e. including cost control strategies, by making production in bulk quantity as per customer requirement) to reduce companys overall cost, effective use of available resources at the right place and right time to create cost advantage over competitors (Evans, 2013). For improving the health and well being of members, Six Sigma is beneficial to monitor and improve current business operations at Cigna Corporation. Under sigma model, company will focus on providing effective training to the employees for providing effective benefits to the members and the insured people of Cigna. For bringing innovative products in the market, Six Sigma first helps to identify the requirement of customers and competitive advantage of Cigna in the market. This will help to make an effective strategic plan to launch new product that will differentiate it from competitor and will help to create competitive position in market (Rajdou and Prabhu, 2015). For becoming the partner of choice to customers, Six Sigma first helps core product team to analyze the customer data and then prioritize and design the products and services according to customer requirements. This can help Cigna to retain customers for long term. For creation of winning environment in Cigna, Six Sigma can be used to develop effective competitive strategies and positive behavioural changes among employees to work in collaboration with each other to achieve the desired objective. Cigna not only focuses on productivity improvement but also on behavioural changes and focus on customers. This way, Six Sigma is productive to facilitate quality, continuous improvement, sustained excellence at Cigna to create competitive advantage (Bloom, 2016). Specific Type of Six Sigma Projects that Might Support Cignas Strategic Imperatives: For achieving the all five strategic imperatives of Cignas Corporation, only one type of project is not appropriate so we have to consider all three types of Six Sigma Projects. These projects are explained as follows: Quality Improvement Project: Main focus of this project is to improve quality by effectively removing the defects that are recognized from complaints made by customers. The main element of this project is to effectively make data analysis of the relevant facts to identify the root cause of defects, introduce change or improvement to eradicate defects. This can help Cigna to provide better and innovative products to the customers (Jones, 2014). Revenue Enhancing Project: This project focuses on earning revenue by activating the inactive distributors and getting repeat business from the existing customers. This project can help Cigna to achieve increased revenue and to deal efficiently with customer requirement by creation of a winning environment. Cost-saving Project: This project mainly focuses on elimination waste and reallocation of resources for efficient production. Through this project, Cigna will need to provide training to employees, review their work processes, recognition of the possible waste in work and taking of steps or effective measures to eliminate the waste. This project can help Cigna to achieve cost advantage strategic imperative over its competitors (Kubiak, 2013). References Agustiady, T. K. and Cudney, E. A. (2016) Total Productive Maintenance: Strategies and Implementation Guide. USA: CRC Press. Bloom, D. (2016) The Field Guide to Achieving HR Excellence through Six Sigma.US: CRC Press. Carroll, C. T. (2016) Six Sigma for Powerful Improvement. USA: CRC Press. Cudney, E. A. and Furterer, S. L. (2012) Design for Six Sigma in Product and Service Development. USA: CRC Press. Evans, J. (2013) Quality Performance Excellence.7th edn.US: Cengage Learning. Evans, J. R., and Lindsay, W. M. (2013) Managing for quality and performance excellence. USA: Cengage Learning. Fisk, R., Grove, S. and John, J. (2013) Services Marketing Interactive Approach. USA: Cengage Learning. Furterer, S. L. (2016) Lean Six Sigma in Service: Applications and Case Studies. USA: CRC Press. Jones, E. (2014) Quality Management for Organizations Using Lean Six Sigma Techniques.US: CRC Press. Kaynak, H. (2013) Total quality management and just-in-time purchasing: Their effects on performance of firms operating in the US. UK: Taylor Francis. Kubiak, T. (2013) The ASQ Pocket Guide for the Certified Six Sigma Black Belt.US: ASQ Quality Press. Proctor, T. (2010) Creative Problem Solving for Managers: Developing Skills for Decision Making and Innovation. UK: Routledge. Rajdou, N. and Prabhu, J. (2015) Frugal Innovation: How to do better with less.UK: Profile Books. Rodrigues, L. L. (2013) Service Quality Measurement: Issues and Perspectives. Anchor Academic Publishing. Stern, T. (2016) Lean Six Sigma: International Standards and Global Guidelines. 2nd edn. US: CRC Press. Tracy, B. (2014) Creativity Problem Solving. USA: AMACOM.